Diary of proceedings in investigation
Section 192 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 deals with diary of proceedings in investigation. Every police officer making an investigation under this Chapter shall day by day enter his proceedings in the investigation in a diary, setting forth the time at which the information reached him, the time at which he began and closed his investigation, the place or places visited by him, and a stat The Act came into force on 01 Jul 2024.
(1) Every police officer making an investigation under this Chapter shall day by day enter his proceedings in the investigation in a diary, setting forth the time at which the information reached him, the time at which he began and closed his investigation, the place or places visited by him, and a statement of the circumstances ascertained through his investigation.
(2) The statements of witnesses recorded during the course of investigation under section 180 shall be inserted in the case diary.
(3) The diary referred to in sub-section (1) shall be a volume and duly paginated.
(4) Any Criminal Court may send for the police diaries of a case under inquiry or trial in such Court, and may use such diaries, not as evidence in the case, but to aid it in such inquiry or trial.
(5) Neither the accused nor his agents shall be entitled to call for such diaries, nor shall he or they be entitled to see them merely because they are referred to by the Court; but, if they are used by the police officer who made them to refresh his memory, or if the Court uses them for the purpose of contradicting such police officer, the provisions of section 148 or section 164, as the case may be, of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023, shall apply.
Section 192, The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (Act 46 of 2023).
Replaces a provision of the Code of Criminal Procedure
CRPC 172 Diary of proceedings in investigation Text carried over almost unchanged 95%
Measured by comparing the text of the two provisions, not taken from an official correspondence table — there is no machine-readable one. See both texts side by side before relying on it.
Both regimes are live. The repealed enactment still governs what happened while it was in force. We never redirect one to the other.
Cross-references
Extracted from the operative text of the enactments themselves. Every destination below exists in our corpus.
Related judgements & precedents
These are some judgments that construed this section, and hold precedence value. They hold authority on how to read, interpret and use this section.
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Sheikh Juman Etc vs State of Bihar
Decided under Code of Criminal Procedure 172, which this section replaces. The court did not have this Act before it.
Court's Decision & Legal Precedent
Members of an unlawful assembly share criminal liability for deaths caused by other members in furtherance of the common object of the assembly, even if they did not directly perpetrate the killing, provided they actively participated in the crime through facilitating acts such as preventing rescue efforts or demonstrating force with weapons, and this liability can be established through reliable eye-witness testimony corroborated by circumstantial evidence, and mere presence at the scene with knowledge of the common object is sufficient when combined with active facilitation.
On this section: Use of police diary - Court clarified that police diary cannot be used as evidence but may aid in inquiry, and prior statements can only be used if witness attention was drawn to them during investigation
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Md. Ankoos vs Pub. Pros. High Court of A. P. Hyderabad
Decided under Code of Criminal Procedure 172, which this section replaces. The court did not have this Act before it.
Court's Decision & Legal Precedent
When appellants have been expressly charged under Section 148 IPC for rioting with deadly weapons and acquitted thereof by both the trial court and the appellate court, they cannot be legally convicted for the offence punishable under Section 302 read with Section 149 IPC which creates constructive liability based on membership of unlawful assembly with common object. The common substratum necessary for both Sections 148 and 149 (i.e., the unlawful assembly with common object) must exist for Section 149 constructive liability to apply. Further, a High Court cannot reverse a trial court's judgment of acquittal by using case diary statements recorded under Section 161 Cr.P.C. to verify witness credibility or overcome contradictions without following the mandatory procedure under Section 172 Cr.P.C. and Section 145 Indian Evidence Act.
On this section: Case diary procedure - Court held case diaries cannot be used as evidence or to overcome contradictions without proper procedures
The holding above is the ratio decidendi as extracted from the judgment by eCourts India, reproduced unaltered — it is a rendering of the court's reasoning, not a substitute for its words. Read the order itself before relying on it.
Questions about Section 192
What have the courts held on Section 192 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita?
Sheikh Juman Etc vs State of Bihar (23 Feb 2017) is the leading judgment on this section among those set out below, though it was decided under CRPC 172, which this section replaced -- the court never mentioned this Act: Use of police diary - Court clarified that police diary cannot be used as evidence but may aid in inquiry, and prior statements can only be used if witness attention was drawn to them during investigation. Another 1 judgment on this section is set out below, all of them from the Supreme Court. They run from 2009 to 2017.
How do I find court cases under Section 192 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita?
In judgments and charge sheets this section is written several ways, and each form finds a different set of orders. These search the full text of every order eCourtsIndia holds, best matches first: BNSS 192, section 192 BNSS, section 192 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita. People searching for it also type bnss 192 2 in hindi and bns 192 3 in hindi. Each opens the full list of orders on eCourtsIndia, where it can be narrowed by court, year and outcome. 2 reported judgments on this section are set out on this page, beginning with Sheikh Juman Etc vs State of Bihar (23 Feb 2017).
What should I read with Section 192 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, and has it changed?
Its own text turns on section 148 (Dispersal of assembly by use of civil force), section 164 (Procedure where dispute concerning land or water is likely to cause breach of peace), section 180 (Examination of witnesses by police), so none of them can safely be read on its own. It carries forward CrPC 172 (Diary of proceedings in investigation), so the judgments decided under that provision are the case law on this one.
When did Section 192 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita come into force?
Section 192 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, cited as BNSS 192, came into force on 01 Jul 2024, having been enacted on 25 Dec 2023. It is in force as at the date shown on this page.
Other sections of this Act
- 359. Compounding of offences1355 words
- 187. Procedure when investigation cannot be completed in twenty-four hours1122 words
- 2. Definitions956 words
- 243. Trial for more than one offence930 words
- 35. When police may arrest without warrant881 words
- 480. When bail may be taken in case of non-bailable offence823 words
Source and method. Compiled from the enactments of Parliament and of the State legislatures as published on India Code, and republished together with commentary and other original matter under section 52(1)(q)(ii) of the Copyright Act, 1957. Structured, cross-referenced and maintained by eCourtsIndia. Text as in force on 14 Oct 2026. This page is not a substitute for legal advice.