Procedure in case of difference of opinion
Section 411 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 deals with procedure in case of difference of opinion. Where any such case is heard before a Bench of Judges and such Judges are equally divided in opinion, the case shall be decided in the manner provided by section 433. The Act came into force on 01 Jul 2024.
Where any such case is heard before a Bench of Judges and such Judges are equally divided in opinion, the case shall be decided in the manner provided by section 433.
Section 411, The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (Act 46 of 2023).
Replaces a provision of the Code of Criminal Procedure
CRPC 370 Procedure in case of difference of opinion Text carried over almost unchanged 100%
Measured by comparing the text of the two provisions, not taken from an official correspondence table — there is no machine-readable one. See both texts side by side before relying on it.
Both regimes are live. The repealed enactment still governs what happened while it was in force. We never redirect one to the other.
Cross-references
Extracted from the operative text of the enactments themselves. Every destination below exists in our corpus.
This section refers to
Questions about Section 411
What does Section 411 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita deal with?
Section 411 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita is headed "Procedure in case of difference of opinion". Where any such case is heard before a Bench of Judges and such Judges are equally divided in opinion, the case shall be decided in the manner provided by section 433.
How do I find court cases under Section 411 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita?
In judgments and charge sheets this section is written several ways, and each form finds a different set of orders. These search the full text of every order eCourtsIndia holds, best matches first: BNSS 411, section 411 BNSS, section 411 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita. People searching for it also type bns 411 section. Each opens the full list of orders on eCourtsIndia, where it can be narrowed by court, year and outcome.
What should I read with Section 411 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, and has it changed?
Its own text turns on section 433 (Procedure where Judges of Court of appeal are equally divided), so none of them can safely be read on its own. It carries forward CrPC 370 (Procedure in case of difference of opinion), so the judgments decided under that provision are the case law on this one.
When did Section 411 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita come into force?
Section 411 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, cited as BNSS 411, came into force on 01 Jul 2024, having been enacted on 25 Dec 2023. It is in force as at the date shown on this page.
Other sections of this Act
- 359. Compounding of offences1355 words
- 187. Procedure when investigation cannot be completed in twenty-four hours1122 words
- 2. Definitions956 words
- 243. Trial for more than one offence930 words
- 35. When police may arrest without warrant881 words
- 480. When bail may be taken in case of non-bailable offence823 words
Source and method. Compiled from the enactments of Parliament and of the State legislatures as published on India Code, and republished together with commentary and other original matter under section 52(1)(q)(ii) of the Copyright Act, 1957. Structured, cross-referenced and maintained by eCourtsIndia. Text as in force on 15 Oct 2026. This page is not a substitute for legal advice.