Section225
The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

Trial to be conducted by Public Prosecutor

Repealed From 01 Apr 1974 Act 2 of 1974 As on 14 Oct 2026

Act 2 of 1974 Ministry Home Affairs Enacted 25 Jan 1974 In force 01 Apr 1974

This provision is repealed. Repealed by section 531 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (46 of 2023) with effect from 1 July 2024. It is reproduced because conduct before that date is still charged, tried and appealed under it.

Section 225 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 deals with trial to be conducted by Public Prosecutor. In every trial before a Court of Session, the prosecution shall be conducted by a Public Prosecutor. The Act came into force on 01 Apr 1974. Repealed by section 531 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (46 of 2023) with effect from 1 July 2024, but conduct before that date is still charged, tried and appealed under it.

In every trial before a Court of Session, the prosecution shall be conducted by a Public Prosecutor.

Section 225, The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (Act 2 of 1974).

Now in the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita

BNSS 248 Trial to be conducted by Public Prosecutor Text carried over almost unchanged 100%

Measured by comparing the text of the two provisions, not taken from an official correspondence table — there is no machine-readable one. See both texts side by side before relying on it.

Both regimes are live. The repealed enactment still governs what happened while it was in force. We never redirect one to the other.

Related judgements & precedents

These are some judgments that construed this section, and hold precedence value. They hold authority on how to read, interpret and use this section.

  1. Sister Mina Lalitha Baruwa vs State of Orissa

    Supreme Court of India 05 Dec 2013 Binding (Supreme Court) Reportable

    Court's Decision & Legal Precedent

    In criminal proceedings involving allegations of grave offences such as rape, where a statutory witness (particularly a judicial officer) makes oral testimony that directly contradicts documentary evidence prepared by that witness himself, and such contradiction is brought to the trial court's notice by the victim or any party, the trial court is duty-bound under Section 311 Cr.P.C. to recall and re-examine that witness if the evidence appears essential to the just decision of the case. This duty arises independently of whether the victim invokes Section 301 Cr.P.C. (which limits victim's prosecution role), because the proper reconciliation of Sections 301 and 311 permits victims to bring material errors to court's notice, and courts must respond by invoking their broad powers under Section 311 to rectify glaring contradictions. Courts cannot remain passive spectators when such irregularities are brought to notice; they must maintain an active, participatory role to prevent miscarriage of justice. The court's duty is not conditioned by delay if the error is material and affects the just decision of the case.

    On this section: Referenced in context of public prosecutor's mandatory role in Sessions Court trials

    Read the full order on eCourts India

  2. Margadarsi Financiers vs The State of Andhra Pradesh

    High Court 20 Mar 2009 Persuasive (High Court)

    Court's Decision & Legal Precedent

    A designated Senior Advocate cannot be appointed as a Special Public Prosecutor under Section 24(8) of the Criminal Procedure Code, 1973, because such appointment would require the Senior Advocate to directly file applications and conduct prosecutions, which violates the mandatory restrictions imposed on Senior Advocates under the Rules framed under the Advocates Act, 1961. Additionally, while the procedure prescribed under Sub-sections 4 and 5 of Section 24 CrPC (panel preparation and consultation) is not mandatory for Special Public Prosecutor appointments under Sub-section 8, the restrictions on Senior Advocates' practice are absolute and cannot be circumvented by government appointment.

    On this section: Requirement that prosecution in Sessions Court be conducted by Public Prosecutor

    Read the full order on eCourts India

The holding above is the ratio decidendi as extracted from the judgment by eCourts India, reproduced unaltered — it is a rendering of the court's reasoning, not a substitute for its words. Read the order itself before relying on it.

Questions about Section 225

What have the courts held on Section 225 of the Code of Criminal Procedure?

Sister Mina Lalitha Baruwa vs State of Orissa (05 Dec 2013) is the leading judgment on this section among those set out below: Referenced in context of public prosecutor's mandatory role in Sessions Court trials. Another 1 judgment on this section is set out below, 1 of them from the Supreme Court. They run from 2009 to 2013.

How do I find court cases under Section 225 of the Code of Criminal Procedure?

In judgments and charge sheets this section is written several ways, and each form finds a different set of orders. These search the full text of every order eCourtsIndia holds, best matches first: CRPC 225, section 225 CRPC, section 225 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. Each opens the full list of orders on eCourtsIndia, where it can be narrowed by court, year and outcome. 2 reported judgments on this section are set out on this page, beginning with Sister Mina Lalitha Baruwa vs State of Orissa (05 Dec 2013).

What should I read with Section 225 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, and has it changed?

For anything done on or after 1 July 2024 the provision to read is BNSS 248 (Trial to be conducted by Public Prosecutor), which replaced it; conduct before that date is still charged, tried and appealed under this section.

When did Section 225 of the Code of Criminal Procedure come into force?

Section 225 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, cited as CRPC 225, came into force on 01 Apr 1974, having been enacted on 25 Jan 1974. It is no longer in force.

Other sections of this Act

Source and method. Compiled from the enactments of Parliament and of the State legislatures as published on India Code, and republished together with commentary and other original matter under section 52(1)(q)(ii) of the Copyright Act, 1957. Structured, cross-referenced and maintained by eCourtsIndia. Recovered from the consolidated text published by India Code (item 330a1099-77ad-4a2e-b22a-769b33398f9e). This page is not a substitute for legal advice.