Partial failure of consideration not consisting of money
Section 45 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 deals with partial failure of consideration not consisting of money. Where a part of the consideration for which a person signed a promissory note, bill of exchange or cheque, though not consisting of money, is ascertainable in money without collateral enquiry, and there has been a failure of that part, the sum which a holder standing in immediate relation with such The Act came into force on 01 Mar 1882.
Where a part of the consideration for which a person signed a promissory note, bill of exchange or cheque, though not consisting of money, is ascertainable in money without collateral enquiry, and there has been a failure of that part, the sum which a holder standing in immediate relation with such signer is entitled to receive from him is proportionally reduced.
Section 45, The Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 (Act 26 of 1881).
Questions about Section 45
What does Section 45 of the Negotiable Instruments Act deal with?
Section 45 of the Negotiable Instruments Act is headed "Partial failure of consideration not consisting of money". Where a part of the consideration for which a person signed a promissory note, bill of exchange or cheque, though not consisting of money, is ascertainable in money without collateral enquiry, and there has been a failure of that part, the sum which a holder standing in immediate relation with such
How do I find court cases under Section 45 of the Negotiable Instruments Act?
In judgments and charge sheets this section is written several ways, and each form finds a different set of orders. These search the full text of every order eCourtsIndia holds, best matches first: NI Act 45, section 45 NI Act, section 45 of the Negotiable Instruments Act. People searching for it also type what is act 45. Each opens the full list of orders on eCourtsIndia, where it can be narrowed by court, year and outcome.
When did Section 45 of the Negotiable Instruments Act come into force?
Section 45 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, cited as NI Act 45, came into force on 01 Mar 1882, having been enacted on 09 Dec 1881. It is in force as at the date shown on this page.
Other sections of this Act
- 138. Dishonour of cheque for insufficiency, etc., of funds in the account312 words
- 142A. Validation for transfer of pending cases299 words
- 143. Power of Court to try cases summarily297 words
- 143A. Power to direct interim compensation291 words
- 142. Cognizance of offences290 words
- 141. Offences by companies287 words
Source and method. Compiled from the enactments of Parliament and of the State legislatures as published on India Code, and republished together with commentary and other original matter under section 52(1)(q)(ii) of the Copyright Act, 1957. Structured, cross-referenced and maintained by eCourtsIndia. Text as in force on 17 Oct 2026. This page is not a substitute for legal advice.