Estoppel of acceptor of bill of exchange, bailee or licensee
Section 123 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 deals with estoppel of acceptor of bill of exchange, bailee or licensee. No acceptor of a bill of exchange shall be permitted to deny that the drawer had authority to draw such bill or to endorse it; The Act came into force on 01 Jul 2024.
No acceptor of a bill of exchange shall be permitted to deny that the drawer had authority to draw such bill or to endorse it; nor shall any bailee or licensee be permitted to deny that his bailor or licensor had, at the time when the bailment or licence commenced, authority to make such bailment or grant such licence.
Explanation 1.--The acceptor of a bill of exchange may deny that the bill was really drawn by the person by whom it purports to have been drawn.
Explanation 2.--If a bailee delivers the goods bailed to a person other than the bailor, he may prove that such person had a right to them as against the bailor.
Section 123, The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (Act 47 of 2023).
Replaces a provision of the Indian Evidence Act
IEA 117 Estoppel of acceptor of bill of exchange, bailee or licensee Text carried over almost unchanged 99%
Measured by comparing the text of the two provisions, not taken from an official correspondence table — there is no machine-readable one. See both texts side by side before relying on it.
Both regimes are live. The repealed enactment still governs what happened while it was in force. We never redirect one to the other.
Questions about Section 123
What does Section 123 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam deal with?
Section 123 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam is headed "Estoppel of acceptor of bill of exchange, bailee or licensee". No acceptor of a bill of exchange shall be permitted to deny that the drawer had authority to draw such bill or to endorse it;
How do I find court cases under Section 123 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam?
In judgments and charge sheets this section is written several ways, and each form finds a different set of orders. These search the full text of every order eCourtsIndia holds, best matches first: BSA 123, section 123 BSA, section 123 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam. People searching for it also type scout and bsa 121 to 123. Each opens the full list of orders on eCourtsIndia, where it can be narrowed by court, year and outcome.
What should I read with Section 123 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, and has it changed?
It carries forward IEA 117 (Estoppel of acceptor of bill of exchange, bailee or licensee), so the judgments decided under that provision are the case law on this one.
When did Section 123 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam come into force?
Section 123 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, cited as BSA 123, came into force on 01 Jul 2024, having been enacted on 25 Dec 2023. It is in force as at the date shown on this page.
Other sections of this Act
- 26. Cases in which statement of relevant fact by person who is dead or cannot be found, etc., is relevant1128 words
- 12. Facts showing existence of state of mind, or of body or bodily feeling1076 words
- 95. Exclusion of evidence of oral agreement815 words
- 2. Definitions794 words
- 6. Motive, preparation and previous or subsequent conduct773 words
- 63. Admissibility of electronic records764 words
Source and method. Compiled from the enactments of Parliament and of the State legislatures as published on India Code, and republished together with commentary and other original matter under section 52(1)(q)(ii) of the Copyright Act, 1957. Structured, cross-referenced and maintained by eCourtsIndia. Text as in force on 15 Oct 2026. This page is not a substitute for legal advice.