water
Section 430 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 deals with water. Mischief by injury to works of irrigation or by wrongfully diverting water.--Whoever commits mischief by doing any act which causes, or which he knows to be likely to cause, a diminution of the supply of water for agricultural purposes, or for food or drink for human beings or for animals which are The Act came into force on 01 Jan 1862. Repealed by section 358 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (45 of 2023) with effect from 1 July 2024, but conduct before that date is still charged, tried and appealed under it.
Mischief by injury to works of irrigation or by wrongfully diverting water.--Whoever commits mischief by doing any act which causes, or which he knows to be likely to cause, a diminution of the supply of water for agricultural purposes, or for food or drink for human beings or for animals which are property, or for cleanliness or for carrying on any manufacture, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to five years, or with fine, or with both.
Section 430, The Indian Penal Code, 1860 (Act 45 of 1860).
Now in the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita
BNS 326 Mischief by injury, inundation, fire or explosive substance, etc Distant match 59%
Measured by comparing the text of the two provisions, not taken from an official correspondence table — there is no machine-readable one. See both texts side by side before relying on it.
Both regimes are live. The repealed enactment still governs what happened while it was in force. We never redirect one to the other.
Cross-references
Extracted from the operative text of the enactments themselves. Every destination below exists in our corpus.
Related judgements & precedents
These are some judgments that construed this section, and hold precedence value. They hold authority on how to read, interpret and use this section.
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Inspector of Police C2 Periyapalayam Ps Cr.no.296/2017 U/sec.379 vs Govindaraj and 2 OTHERS
Court's Decision & Legal Precedent
When a criminal case remains pending at the warrant stage for an extended period (eight years) without execution despite best efforts, and the passage of time renders a meaningful trial unlikely and impinges upon the accused's right to speedy trial, the High Court may exercise its discretionary power to quash the case as no useful purpose would be served by continuation of prosecution.
On this section: Alleged offence of criminal breach of trust in connection with illegal sand transportation
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State 430 IPC vs Onkar Supdu SonawaneKoli
Court's Decision & Legal Precedent
When all prosecution witnesses are declared hostile by the prosecution itself and fail to support the prosecution's case, and when the complainant is not examined as a witness, the prosecution cannot discharge its burden of proving the accused's guilt beyond reasonable doubt. In such circumstances, the accused must be acquitted under CrPC Section 248(1), as the benefit of doubt must go to the accused.
On this section: Criminal breach of trust by public servant or by person in possession of public property - applied to alleged damage to gram panchayat water supply pipe
The holding above is the ratio decidendi as extracted from the judgment by eCourts India, reproduced unaltered — it is a rendering of the court's reasoning, not a substitute for its words. Read the order itself before relying on it.
Questions about Section 430
What have the courts held on Section 430 of the Indian Penal Code?
Inspector of Police C2 Periyapalayam Ps Cr.no.296/2017 U/sec.379 vs Govindaraj and 2 OTHERS (25 Oct 2025) is the leading judgment on this section among those set out below: Alleged offence of criminal breach of trust in connection with illegal sand transportation. Another 1 judgment on this section is set out below. They run from 2016 to 2025.
How do I find court cases under Section 430 of the Indian Penal Code?
In judgments and charge sheets this section is written several ways, and each form finds a different set of orders. These search the full text of every order eCourtsIndia holds, best matches first: IPC 430, section 430 IPC, section 430 of the Indian Penal Code. People searching for it also type ipc 430 in bns and ipc 430 punishment. Each opens the full list of orders on eCourtsIndia, where it can be narrowed by court, year and outcome. 2 reported judgments on this section are set out on this page, beginning with Inspector of Police C2 Periyapalayam Ps Cr.no.296/2017 U/sec.379 vs Govindaraj and 2 OTHERS (25 Oct 2025).
What should I read with Section 430 of the Indian Penal Code, and has it changed?
1 other provision in this corpus refers back to it. For anything done on or after 1 July 2024 the provision to read is BNS 326 (Mischief by injury, inundation, fire or explosive substance, etc), which replaced it; conduct before that date is still charged, tried and appealed under this section.
When did Section 430 of the Indian Penal Code come into force?
Section 430 of the Indian Penal Code, cited as IPC 430, came into force on 01 Jan 1862, having been enacted on 06 Oct 1860. It is no longer in force.
Other sections of this Act
- 499. Defamation1512 words
- 464. Making a false document1223 words
- 300. Murder1172 words
- 378. Theft980 words
- 108. Abettor745 words
- 403. Dishonest misappropriation of property727 words
Source and method. Compiled from the enactments of Parliament and of the State legislatures as published on India Code, and republished together with commentary and other original matter under section 52(1)(q)(ii) of the Copyright Act, 1957. Structured, cross-referenced and maintained by eCourtsIndia. Recovered from the consolidated text published by India Code (item 7b7d4fe6-206b-4e33-81f1-b98b018acaf6). This page is not a substitute for legal advice.