Section23
The Finance Act, 1972

Substitution of new section for section 90

In force Act 16 of 1972 As on 15 Oct 2026

Act 16 of 1972 Ministry Finance Enacted 28 May 1972

Section 23 of the Finance Act, 1972 deals with substitution of new section for section 90. Substitution of new section for section 90. The Act was enacted on 28 May 1972.

Substitution of new section for section 90.

23. For section 90 of the Income-tax Act, the following section shall be substituted, namely:-

Agreement with foreign countries.

"90. The Central Government may enter into an agreement with the Government of any country outside India—

(a) for the granting of relief in respect of income on which have been paid both income-tax under this Act and income-tax in that country, or

(b) for the avoidance of double taxation of income under this Act and under the corresponding law in force; in that country, or

(c) for exchange of information for the prevention of evasion or avoidance of income-tax chargeable under this Act or under the corresponding law in force in that country, or investigation of cases of such evasion or avoidance, or

(d) for recovery of income-tax under this Act and under the corresponding law in force in that country,

and may, by notification in the Official Gazette, make such provisions as may be necessary for implementing the agreement.".

[Finance Act, 1972]

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Section 23, The Finance Act, 1972 (Act 16 of 1972).

Cross-references

Extracted from the operative text of the enactments themselves. Every destination below exists in our corpus.

Questions about Section 23

What does Section 23 of the Finance Act deal with?

Section 23 of the Finance Act is headed "Substitution of new section for section 90". Substitution of new section for section 90.

How do I find court cases under Section 23 of the Finance Act?

In judgments and charge sheets this section is written several ways, and each form finds a different set of orders. These search the full text of every order eCourtsIndia holds, best matches first: Finance Act 1972 23, section 23 Finance Act 1972, section 23 of the Finance Act. Each opens the full list of orders on eCourtsIndia, where it can be narrowed by court, year and outcome.

What should I read with Section 23 of the Finance Act, and has it changed?

Its own text turns on Income-tax Act 90 (Agreement with foreign countries or specified territories), so none of them can safely be read on its own.

When was Section 23 of the Finance Act enacted?

Section 23 of the Finance Act, cited as Finance Act 1972 23, was enacted on 28 May 1972 as Act 16 of 1972. It is in force as at the date shown on this page.

Other sections of this Act

Source and method. Compiled from the enactments of Parliament and of the State legislatures as published on India Code, and republished together with commentary and other original matter under section 52(1)(q)(ii) of the Copyright Act, 1957. Structured, cross-referenced and maintained by eCourtsIndia. Harvested from the Income Tax Department's own portal at incometaxindia.gov.in, which publishes the Finance Acts section by section. India Code carries none of them: its Central community holds the Acts that stand as general law, and a Finance Act is an amending and rate-fixing instrument. This page is not a substitute for legal advice.