Orders of Tribunal
Section 420 of the Companies Act, 2013 deals with orders of Tribunal. The Tribunal may, after giving the parties to any proceeding before it, a reasonable opportunity of being heard, pass such orders thereon as it thinks fit. The Act came into force on 01 Apr 2014.
(1) The Tribunal may, after giving the parties to any proceeding before it, a reasonable opportunity of being heard, pass such orders thereon as it thinks fit.
(2) The Tribunal may, at any time within two years from the date of the order, with a view to rectifying any mistake apparent from the record, amend any order passed by it, and shall make such amendment, if the mistake is brought to its notice by the parties:
Provided that no such amendment shall be made in respect of any order against which an appeal has been preferred under this Act.
(3) The Tribunal shall send a copy of every order passed under this section to all the parties concerned.
Section 420, The Companies Act, 2013 (Act 18 of 2013).
Related judgements & precedents
These are some judgments that construed this section, and hold precedence value. They hold authority on how to read, interpret and use this section.
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Tata Industries Limited v. Cyrus Investments Pvt. Ltd. & Ors.
Court's Decision & Legal Precedent
AoA alteration / public-to-private conversion must comply with s.14; conversion was not itself oppression under ss.241/242.
On this section: It fixes the outer limit of the Tribunal's post-decisional power under Section 420(2), separating rectification of an apparent mistake from a substantive reconsideration of the order.
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Sagufa Ahmed vs Upper Assam Plywood Products Pvt. LTD
Court's Decision & Legal Precedent
The period of limitation prescribed under Section 421(3) of the Companies Act, 2013 for filing an appeal to the NCLAT starts from the date on which a copy of the NCLT order is made available to the person aggrieved. The Supreme Court's order dated 23.03.2020 extending the period of limitation due to COVID-19 applies only to the 'prescribed period' (the period of limitation) and not to the discretionary period for condonation of delay provided in the proviso to Section 421(3). The discretionary period for condonation of delay is limited to 45 days and cannot be extended by the COVID-19 extension order. The law of limitation is based on the principle of vigilance, and litigants who fail to file proceedings within the prescribed period and the discretionary condonation period cannot claim the benefit of the COVID-19 extension order.
On this section: Mandates the NCLT to send a copy of every order to all parties concerned; establishes the obligation to provide copies
The holding above is the ratio decidendi as extracted from the judgment by eCourts India, reproduced unaltered — it is a rendering of the court's reasoning, not a substitute for its words. Read the order itself before relying on it.
Judgments citing this section
These may be obiter dicta or a precedent, for you to study. These are the judgments where this section is quoted.
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… In fact, the explanation to the provision is a clear indicator of the legal position that the time which is taken by the court to prepare the decree or order cannot be excluded before the application to obtain a copy is made. It cannot be said that the right to receive a free copy under Section 420(3) of the Companies Act obviated the obligation on the appellant to seek a certified copy through an application. The appellant has urged that Rule 14<sup>24</sup> of the NCLAT Rules empowers the NCLAT to exempt parties from compliance with the requirement of any of the rules in the interests of substantial justice, …
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… as well as the order passed by this Court on 23.03.2020 in Suo Motu Writ Petition (Civil) No.3 of 2020, extending the period of limitation for filing any proceeding with effect from 15.03.2020 until further orders. 9. Let us now test the correctness of the contentions one by one. Contention1 10. Section 420(3) of the Companies Act, 2013 mandates the NCLT to send a copy of every order passed under Section 420(1) to all the parties concerned. Section 420(3) reads as follows: "420. Orders of Tribunal (1) xxxx (2) xxxx (3) The Tribunal shall send a copy of every order passed under this section to …
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… Application by financial creditor .— xxx xxx xxx (3) The applicant shall dispatch forthwith, a copy of the application filed with the Adjudicating Authority, by registered post or speed post to the registered office of the corporate debtor. xxx xxx xxx‖ Section 420 of the Companies Act, 2013 states as follows: ― 420. Orders of Tribunal .—(1) The Tribunal may, after giving the parties to any proceeding before it, a reasonable opportunity of being heard, pass such orders thereon as it thinks fit. (2) The Tribunal may, at any time within two years from the date of the …
Questions about Section 420
What have the courts held on Section 420 of the Companies Act?
Tata Industries Limited v. Cyrus Investments Pvt. Ltd. & Ors. (26 Mar 2021) is the leading judgment on this section among those set out below: It fixes the outer limit of the Tribunal's post-decisional power under Section 420(2), separating rectification of an apparent mistake from a substantive reconsideration of the order. Another 1 judgment on this section is set out below, all of them from the Supreme Court. They run from 2020 to 2021.
How do I find court cases under Section 420 of the Companies Act?
In judgments and charge sheets this section is written several ways, and each form finds a different set of orders. These search the full text of every order eCourtsIndia holds, best matches first: Companies Act 420, section 420 Companies Act, section 420 of the Companies Act. People searching for it also type companies act 2006 section 420. Each opens the full list of orders on eCourtsIndia, where it can be narrowed by court, year and outcome. 2 reported judgments on this section are set out on this page, beginning with Tata Industries Limited v. Cyrus Investments Pvt. Ltd. & Ors. (26 Mar 2021).
When did Section 420 of the Companies Act come into force?
Section 420 of the Companies Act, cited as Companies Act 420, came into force on 01 Apr 2014, having been enacted on 29 Aug 2013. It is in force as at the date shown on this page.
Other sections of this Act
- 2. Definitions5089 words
- 143. Powers and duties of auditors and auditing standards1867 words
- 230. Power to compromise or make arrangements with creditors and members1432 words
- 232. Merger and amalgamation of companies1416 words
- 149. Company to have Board of Directors1403 words
- 217. Procedure, powers, etc., of inspectors1390 words
Source and method. Compiled from the enactments of Parliament and of the State legislatures as published on India Code, and republished together with commentary and other original matter under section 52(1)(q)(ii) of the Copyright Act, 1957. Structured, cross-referenced and maintained by eCourtsIndia. Text as in force on 16 Oct 2026. This page is not a substitute for legal advice.