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Section12
The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

Environmental laboratories

In force From 19 Nov 1986 Act 29 of 1986 As on 18 Oct 2026

Act 29 of 1986 Ministry Environment, Forest and Climate Change Enacted 23 May 1986 In force 19 Nov 1986 Cited by 3 provisions Instruments 31

Section 12 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 deals with environmental laboratories. The Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette,-- (a) establish one or more environmental laboratories; The Act came into force on 19 Nov 1986.

(1) The Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette,--

(a) establish one or more environmental laboratories;

(b) recognise one or more laboratories or institutes as environmental laboratories to carry out the functions entrusted to an environmental laboratory under this Act.

(2) The Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, make rules specifying

(a) the functions of the environmental laboratory;

(b) the procedure for the submission to the said laboratory of samples of air, water, soil or other substance for analysis or tests, the form of the laboratory report thereon and the fees payable for such report;

(c) such other matters as may be necessary or expedient to enable that laboratory to carry out its functions.

Section 12, The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (Act 29 of 1986).

Cross-references

Extracted from the operative text of the enactments themselves. Every destination below exists in our corpus.

Referred to by 3

  1. s. 11 Power to take sample and procedure to be followed in connection therewith
  2. s. 13 Government Analysts
  3. s. 25 Power to make rules

Judgments citing this section

These may be obiter dicta or a precedent, for you to study. These are the judgments where this section is quoted.

  1. High Court 25 Nov 2020 KAHC010062592015

    … Paras 3 and 4 of the statement of objections filed by respondent No.2 read as under: > "3. As on 2014 this respondent Board has empanelled 76 Private Laboratories in the State with different Grades Viz., A, B & C in order to render quality service to the industries. Section 12 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 prescribes the procedure of establishing Private Laboratories. > 12. Environment Laboratories: (1) The Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette: > (a) Establish one or more environment laboratories > (b) recognize one or more laboratories or …

    Read this order on eCourtsIndia

Made under this section, and citing it

24 instruments state that it was made under this provision — the power to make it comes from here, so a change to any of them changes what this section requires in practice. Newest first.

Another 7 instruments name this provision in its title or its text without being made under it.

All subordinate legislation

Questions about Section 12

What does Section 12 of the Environment (Protection) Act deal with?

Section 12 of the Environment (Protection) Act is headed "Environmental laboratories". The Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette,-- (a) establish one or more environmental laboratories;

How do I find court cases under Section 12 of the Environment (Protection) Act?

In judgments and charge sheets this section is written several ways, and each form finds a different set of orders. These search the full text of every order eCourtsIndia holds, best matches first: Environment Act 12, section 12 Environment Act, section 12 of the Environment (Protection) Act. Each opens the full list of orders on eCourtsIndia, where it can be narrowed by court, year and outcome.

What should I read with Section 12 of the Environment (Protection) Act, and has it changed?

3 other provisions in this corpus refer back to it. The rules and notifications made under it are where it actually bites, and there are 24: most recently S.O. 2131(E) Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 (2021), then S.O. 2340 (E) Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (2021), and 22 more.

When did Section 12 of the Environment (Protection) Act come into force?

Section 12 of the Environment (Protection) Act, cited as Environment Act 12, came into force on 19 Nov 1986, having been enacted on 23 May 1986. It is in force as at the date shown on this page.

Other sections of this Act

Source and method. Compiled from the enactments of Parliament and of the State legislatures as published on India Code, and republished together with commentary and other original matter under section 52(1)(q)(ii) of the Copyright Act, 1957. Structured, cross-referenced and maintained by eCourtsIndia. Text as in force on 18 Oct 2026. This page is not a substitute for legal advice.